Stability, Causality, and Passivity in Electrical Interconnect Models

Modern packaging design requires extensive signal integrity simulations in order to assess the electrical performance of the system. The feasibility of such simulations is granted only when accurate and efficient models are available for all system parts and components having a significant influence on the signals. Unfortunately, model derivation is still a challenging task, despite the extensive research that has been devoted to this topic. In fact, it is a common experience that modeling or simulation tasks sometimes fail, often without a clear understanding of the main reason. This paper presents the fundamental properties of causality, stability, and passivity that electrical interconnect models must satisfy in order to be physically consistent. All basic definitions are reviewed in time domain, Laplace domain, and frequency domain, and all significant interrelations between these properties are outlined. This background material is used to interpret several common situations where either model derivation or model use in a computer-aided design environment fails dramatically.We show that the root cause for these difficulties can always be traced back to the lack of stability, causality, or passivity in the data providing the structure characterization and/or in the model itsel

APPROXIMATION OF LOWPASS FILTERS WITH FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT INPUT GAIN CHARACTERISTIC.

An approximation method is described for the design of lowpass filters where the input stage has a frequency-dependent gain characteristic. These filters are used in speech processing systems. The proposed method, being closed-form solution, is more reliable and requires much less C. P. U. time compared to the previously used methods. The developed algorithm can be incorporated into any suitable general synthesis program

Approximation of Low-Pass Filters with Frequency-Dependent Input Gain Characteristic

An approximation method is described for the design of low-pass filters where the input has a frequency-dependent spectrum. These filters are used in speech processing systems. The proposed method, being closed-form Solution, is more reliable and requires much less CPU time compared to the previously used methods. The developed algorithm can be incorporated into any suitable general synthesis program

Analysis of pulse propagation on high-speed VLSI chips

A new method is presented for the analysis of interconnections on high-speed LSI/VLSI chips. Interconnections are treated as lossy multicon-ductor transmission lines with nonlinear terminal loads. The technique can be generalized for analysis at the system level

Error Probability for Multilevel Digital Systems in Presence of Intersymbol Interference and Additive Noise

Generalization of a recently published technique for the evaluation of error probability in fiber-optic communication systems is described. The crux of the method is a minimax approximation of the cumulative distribution function of the additive noise. The additive noise is not constrained to be Gaussian. Examples and comparisons with previously published techniques are presenteb